HMGB1 B-Box Domain Associates Promote Protein-Polyelectrolyte Interactions.

ABSTRACT: HMGB1, a nuclear DNA-binding protein, can be secreted by activated immune cells or passively released from damaged cells. In such cases, HMGB1 functions as an alarmin that activates the immune system. Excessive inflammation may lead to pathogenesis, whereas this response can be dampened by polyanion binding, which impedes further receptor recognition. Moreover, HMGB1 is known to form liquid droplets in the cellular environment─a phase separation directly linked to its proper function. While the A-Box domain is believed to be primarily responsible for heparin binding due to its conserved binding site, the association and phase separation behavior of HMGB1 may be mediated by the B-box domain, owing to its extended hydrophobic regions. In this study, we first demonstrated that the B-box prote

SUBMITTER: Kagelmacher M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12451656 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature