Simulated Impact of Vitamin A-Fortified Sugar on Dietary Adequacy and Association of Usual Sugar Intake With Plasma and Breast Milk Retinol Among Lactating Zambian Women.

ABSTRACT: In Zambia, mandatory sugar fortification with vitamin A (VA) has been implemented, but its impact on VA inadequacy and status has yet to be assessed. This study evaluated the contribution of VA-fortified sugar to dietary VA adequacy and the relationship between dietary intakes and VA status in 243 lactating women, based on 24-h dietary recalls in Mkushi, Zambia. We estimated usual intake distributions and the prevalence of VA adequacy using the National Cancer Institute (NCI) method across five scenarios: without sugar fortification; with fortification at 3.1 or 8.8 mg/kg (median levels previously measured in Mkushi); at 10 mg/kg (the minimum legal requirement at the household level), and at 15 mg/kg (the minimum legal requirement at the factory level). We applied the regression calibratio

SUBMITTER: Haile D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12454194 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature