Necroptosis-driven T cell activation promotes IL-6-mediated PD-L1 upregulation in cholangiocarcinoma cells: IL-6 gene signature as a biomarker for chemo-immunotherapy response.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options. Despite the approval of chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in clinical practice, treatment outcomes remain poor, largely due to the poorly immunogenic tumor microenvironment associated with this type of carcinoma. Necroptosis, an inflammatory form of programmed cell death, has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for stimulating antitumor immunity. Our previous study linked necroptosis to increased CD8 + T cell infiltration and T cell-induced PD-L1 expression in CCA cells, suggesting its role in enhancing ICI efficacy. However, the underlying mechanisms by which necroptosis-activated T cells induce PD-L1 expression remain unclear. Here, we investigate how necroptos

SUBMITTER: Lomphithak T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12455783 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature