GP2a I118 and GP4 D43 play critical roles in the attachment of PRRSV to the CD163 receptor: implications for anti-PRRSV infection targets.

ABSTRACT: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) poses a significant threat to the global swine industry. Numerous modified live vaccines (MLVs) against PRRSV have been developed through the serial passage of wild-type parental strains in Marc-145 cells. However, the infectivity of these MLVs toward their primary target cell in vivo, porcine alveolar macrophage (PAM), is markedly reduced. The underlying mechanism for this decreased tropism remains unclear. In this study, we determined that the 118th residue in GP2a and the 43rd residue in GP4 play critical roles in determining viral tropism for PAM cells. Individual or combined mutations of GP2a-V118I and GP4-N43D significantly enhanced viral attachment to PAM cells. Furthermore, synthesized small peptides containing GP2a

SUBMITTER: Liu G 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12456131 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature