Anxiety, depression, and fear after coronavirus disease 2019 infection and their association with long coronavirus disease symptoms.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had widespread physical and psychological repercussions. Additionally, long COVID symptoms such as fatigue, dyspnea, and cognitive impairment have been well-documented; however, their associations with mental health symptoms remain unclear. This study investigated the relationships between long COVID and symptoms of anxiety, depression, and COVID-19-related fear using validated psychological assessment tools.

Methods

This nationwide, prospective cohort study enrolled 1,066 individuals who recovered from COVID-19. The participants completed self-report questionnaires at 3, 6, and 12 months after diagnosis. Long COVID symptoms and psychological status were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale

SUBMITTER: Saito A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12457336 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature