Using eye movements, electrodermal activities, and heart rates to predict different types of cognitive load during reading with background music.

ABSTRACT: The triarchic model of cognitive load postulates three types of cognitive load-extraneous, intrinsic, and germane load. While various approaches have been proposed to measure the three types of cognitive load, most measurements are intrusive. To address this issue, we leveraged multimodal learning analytics to collect eye movement (EM), electrodermal activity (EDA), heart rate (HR), and heart rate variability (HRV) from non-intrusive sensors and investigate whether they could predict the three types of cognitive load. We examined extraneous load (created by adding background music (BGM)), intrinsic load (created by text complexity), and germane load (reflected by comprehension accuracy) in a novel reading context with self-selected preferred BGM. One hundred and two (102) non-native Englis

SUBMITTER: Que Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12457608 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature