Social observation influences the trajectory of performance monitoring across trials: evidence from single-trial estimates of the ERN and CRN.

ABSTRACT: The error-related negativity (ERN) and correct-related negativity (CRN) are event-related potentials (ERPs) that reflect performance monitoring following error and correct responses, respectively. Prior work demonstrates the ERN is sensitive to the motivational significance of errors, which increases under social observation. However, most studies testing how social observation impacts performance monitoring rely on trial-averaged ERPs, potentially obscuring meaningful fluctuations in ERN/CRN over time. Here, we had participants complete a Flanker task twice (social observation vs. alone) and employed mixed-effects modeling of single-trial ERPs to test if social observation impacts ERN/CRN trajectories over short (within blocks) or long (between blocks) timescales. We found that social obs

SUBMITTER: Niu Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12458316 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature