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ABSTRACT: Introduction
Perineal trauma is one of the most common complications of childbirth, impacting approximately 9 out of 10 women who undergo a vaginal delivery. Perineal trauma is a public health issue leading to increased maternal morbidity and decreased quality of life. Although race is being studied as a potential risk factor and predictor of perineal trauma, other contributing factors like racism and social determinants of health have not been adequately studied in the same context. We set out to synthesise the available peer-reviewed evidence evaluating the prognostic association between race and perineal trauma.Methods and analysis
This systematic review and meta-analysis adheres to the PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocol
SUBMITTER: Almalki HH
PROVIDER: S-EPMC12458755 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature