Olfactory Bulb Pinprick Induction of Cortical Spreading Depolarizations.

ABSTRACT: Cortical spreading depolarization (CSD) is a wave of cellular depolarization followed by prolonged depression of neuronal activity and is associated with a broad array of neurological diseases, including migraine with aura, traumatic brain injury, and stroke. Traditional CSD induction methods for animal studies have included pinprick, concentrated potassium chloride (KCl) application, and electrical stimulation. These methods are invasive and can cause injury to the cortex. Recently, a non-invasive approach using optogenetics has become available, but requires the use of transgenic mice or transfection of an optogene, which limits its wide adoption. Here, we describe a novel approach using olfactory bulb needle insertion in rodents to induce CSD. We also included KCl-induced CSDs as a comp

SUBMITTER: Oncel MM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12458960 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature