Elevating MHC I expression on tumor cells by nanovesicles loading tyrosine kinase inhibitors can improve the efficacy of cancer vaccines.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Cancer vaccines work through activating tumor-specific T cells, which can specifically attack cancer cells by recognizing antigens binding with Major-Histocompatibility-Complex I (MHC I) molecules. The downregulation or loss of MHC I expression on tumor cells can affect the efficacy of cancer vaccines.

Methods

Herein, to increase the MHC I expression on tumor cells, a nanovesicle-based strategy was developed to improve the efficacy of  cancer vaccines. Several clinically applied medicines, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), were screened for their capacity to upregulate MHC I.

Results

Two TKIs, Sunitinib and Sorafenib, were found to be very effective in elevating MHC I expression, and they were encapsulated into redox-responsive nanovesicles respe

SUBMITTER: Xie H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12461261 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature