Novel Phosphoric Acid-Modified Biochar-Chitosan Nanocomposite for an Efficient and Cost-Effective Multimetal Removal from Wastewater.

ABSTRACT: This study presented a novel and cost-effective adsorbent developed from phosphoric acid-modified biochar-chitosan nanocomposite for the efficient removal of Cu²⁺, Ni²⁺, and Zn²⁺ from wastewater. The biochar was synthesized at an optimized pyrolysis temperature of 550 °C for 2 h, followed by modification with phosphoric acid and composed of chitosan, resulting in a mesoporous PGB-CS composite (9.18 nm pore diameter) that exhibited a high surface area (167.98 m²/g), low crystallinity, good thermal stability, and abundant surface functional groups such as amine, carboxylic, and hydroxyl. The adsorption parameters were optimized using the Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology, obtaining maximum adsorption capacities of 221.56 mg/g for C

SUBMITTER: Sopanrao KS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12461335 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature