Antibiotic-resistance and virulence-related genes in commercially bottled natural mineral waters.

ABSTRACT:

Background

To date, the presence of antibiotics resistant genes (ARGs) and virulence-related genes (VRGs) has been evidenced in several surface waters, including natural surface water and wastewater, as well as drinking water. Bottled natural mineral waters, which are by law labelled as microbiologically pure at source, from underground aquifers, natural resurgence deposits or well suction pumps, do not undergo purification treatment, and do not experience any chemical decontamination or disinfection treatment, as in the case of drinking water from municipal conduits. The present study aimed to evaluate the presence of ARGs and VRGs, as well as the composition of microbial communities, in commercially bottled natural mineral drinking water by molecular methods. The study involved t

SUBMITTER: Radocchia G 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12462320 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature