Tryptophan Metabolite Indole-3-Aldehyde Induces AhR and c-MYC Degradation to Promote Tumor Immunogenicity.

ABSTRACT: The role of tryptophan (Trp) and its metabolites in immune regulation is well-established, however, whether and how they regulate immunogenicity of tumor cells is not completely understood. In this study, a range of Trp metabolites are evaluated for their potential to modulate tumor immunogenicity using a co-culture assay with tumor cells and T cells. Indole-3-aldehyde (I3A) is identified as an indole derivative that significantly enhances tumor immunogenicity both in vitro and in vivo. This enhancement is attributed to the upregulation of antigen presentation and immunogenic molecules on tumor cells by I3A, thereby promoting their immunogenicity. Mechanistically, I3A induces the activation and degradation of Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), leading to increased expression of MHC-I molecul

SUBMITTER: Cui L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12463101 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature