Study on the Correlation Between GDF-15 Levels and a Diagnostic Model for Diabetic Retinopathy.

ABSTRACT: Background and Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a chronic complication that affects approximately one-third of individuals with diabetes and represents a serious threat to vision. In recent years, increasing attention has been given to biomarkers and cytokines related to inflammation for their roles in disease mechanisms. This study is aimed at investigating the association between growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) and the risk of DR in Handan, China, and developing a predictive model based on patients' clinical characteristics. Methods: Between January and July 2024, patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated at Handan Central Hospital were enrolled and classified into two groups: 74 patients without DR (NDR) and 79 with DR. Stepwise regression was us

SUBMITTER: Lian XN 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12463507 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature