Parenteral micronutrient supplementation enhances mammary immune function and colostrum-milk quality by modulating cytokine profiles and oxidative stress in transition crossbred cows.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The transition period in dairy cattle is marked by oxidative stress and immune suppression linked to altered micromineral status. This study evaluated whether parenteral supplementation with trace elements and vitamins could enhance mammary health and improve the immunonutritional quality of colostrum and milk.

Methods

Twenty-four multiparous cross-bred cows were blocked by parity and projected yield, then assigned to control, multivitamin (MV; vitamins A, B-complex, D₃, E), multi-mineral (MM; Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Selenium (Se), and Zinc (Zn)), or combined multivitamin and multi-mineral (MMMV) groups. Intramuscular injections were administered on days -30, -15, -7, 0, +7, +15, and +30 relative to calving. Longitudinal sampling was conducted on days 0, 2, 3

SUBMITTER: Somagond YM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12463632 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature