Integrative transcriptomics and metabolomics reveal the biosynthesis of flavonoid metabolites in <i>Tilia miqueliana Maxim.</i> leaves.

ABSTRACT: Tilia miqueliana Maxim. is renowned for its rich bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, coumarins, and other secondary metabolites, which possess antioxidant, anticancer, antidepressant, and analgesic effects. This study aims to investigate the seasonal dynamic changes of secondary metabolites in T. miqueliana leaves and their biosynthetic regulatory mechanisms. The leaves of T. miqueliana were sampled at four different growth stages. Total flavonoids, phenolic acids, amino acids, coumarins, and terpenoid contents were determined using UV spectrophotometry, and enzyme activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (C4H), and 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL) were measured. Flavonoid monomers such as quercetin and kaempferol, al

SUBMITTER: Zhou Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12463861 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature