The germinal center-tertiary lymphoid structure after neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy for locally advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma can predict the disease progression.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are the anti-tumor immune hubs in the tumor microenvironment. The germinal center (GC) (a marker of maturation) and spatial distribution of TLS may determine the responsiveness of immunotherapy. However, the regulatory mechanism of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and combined immunotherapy (NACT-IO) on the dynamic remodeling of TLS has not been elucidated.

Methods

The NACT-IO group (72 patients), NACT group (50 patients), UT group (50 patients, un-neoadjuvant therapy) were included. Multiple immunofluorescence (mIF) was used to analyze the difference of microenvironment in paired samples (the same case) pre and post neoadjuvant therapy. To further analyze the effect of treatment on the maturity and spatial distribution patte

SUBMITTER: Jiang L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12463958 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature