Formal and informal antimicrobial trade and usage in farmed animals of the urban area of Lome, Togo.

ABSTRACT: Inappropriate antibiotic use in livestock is a key driver of antimicrobial resistance. Surveillance and prevention efforts in low-income countries are challenged by widespread informal sales and administration. We investigated the antibiotics trade network for farm animals and farmers' antibiotic purchasing and usage behaviors in an urban region with high human and animal population density and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 116 farmers in Lomé, Togo, in areas where multidrug-resistant bacteria had been identified. Using multiple-factor analysis and hierarchical clustering, farmers were categorized based on their livestock production, antibiotic purchase and usage patterns, and alternative disease management strategies. Additionally, 44

SUBMITTER: Bodombossou EM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12466305 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature