Differences in the Gut Microbiota in Long-Term Infertile Holstein Repeat Breeder Cows and Healthy Fertile Holstein Cows.

ABSTRACT: Repeat breeder (RB) cows are subfertile animals and represent a major issue in the livestock industry. The influence of the gut microbiota on reproductive function and the gut microbiota-gonadal axis has garnered scientific attention. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between reproductive performance and gut microbiota in Holstein cows, depending on reproductive attempts (number of artificial inseminations or embryo transfers) and subsequent pregnancy outcomes. Fecal samples were collected from Holstein cows at the time of ovulation and classified into four groups: Normal pregnancy (n = 27, ≤three reproductive attempts, subsequently fertile), Normal open (n = 25, ≤three reproductive attempts, subsequently infertile), RB pregnancy (n = 38, over four reproduc

SUBMITTER: Kitagawa Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12466702 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature