Electroacupuncture Attenuates Fibromyalgia Pain Through Increased PD-1 Expression in Female Mice.

ABSTRACT:

Background/objectives

Fibromyalgia causes chronic long-term pain, with symptoms lasting for months to years. Given the lack of evidence-based methods for diagnosing and assessing fibromyalgia, it ranks among the most difficult chronic pain conditions to treat. Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) can inhibit acute and chronic pain transmission by inhibiting neuronal ion channels.

Methods

Here, we aimed to explore the analgesic efficacy and mechanism of PD-L1/PD1 in an intermittent cold stress-induced fibromyalgia pain mouse model.

Results

Von Frey and Hargreaves tests were performed, showing that the mouse model exhibited mechanical (day 4: 2.08 ± 0.13 g, n = 9) and thermal hyperalgesia (day 4: 3.93 ± 0.45 s, n = 9). Electroacupuncture (EA) or intraven

SUBMITTER: Hsiao IH 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12467811 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature