Unlocking insights from complex data: Leveraging heat maps for decision-making in LMIC.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), health outcomes are often constrained by inadequate or misdirected resource allocation and limited access to services such as contraception and immunization. We explore the use of spatial heat maps to analyze the stock availability and dispensation/vaccination patterns of contraceptives and vaccines in Pakistan.

Methods

We used data from national contraceptive (cLMIS) and vaccine logistics management information systems (vLMIS). We applied univariate, bivariate, and trivariate spatial heat maps to assess contraceptive and vaccine stock levels, dispensation/vaccination, and wastage across districts. For contraception, we standardized stocks per 100,000 married women of reproductive age (MWRA) and dispensation rates. In

SUBMITTER: Ibrahim M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12468749 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature