Time of urine sampling may influence the association between urine specific gravity and body composition.

ABSTRACT: Urine specific gravity (USG) is frequently utilized in sports practice and research to assess hydration status. Prior research suggests that individuals with large amounts of fat-free mass (FFM) and muscle have elevated USG, but little is known about whether the time of collection (first-morning vs. spot sampling) and various nutritional factors influence these relationships. This cross-sectional, observational study assessed fasted first-morning (n = 55) and non-fasted spot USG (n = 51) samples in adults and evaluated relationships of USG with body composition and nutrition intake. The InBody 770 was used to estimate FFM, skeletal muscle mass (SMM), and total body water (TBW). Protein, water, and sodium intakes from the 24-hour period before USG assessments were generated based on the Aut

SUBMITTER: Wilson PB 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12468934 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature