ABSTRACT: Background: Lung transplantation (LTx) is a life-saving intervention for patients with advanced interstitial lung disease (ILD), markedly improving pulmonary function, exercise capacity, and right heart function, yet it is often accompanied by increased risks of metabolic, cardiovascular, and renal complications. Methods: We conducted a longitudinal analysis of 102 ILD patients post-LTx, integrating pulmonary, cardiovascular, metabolic, and functional parameters. Recovery was assessed using lung function parameters (FVC, DLCO, TLC, ITGV, and FEV1), 6MWD, Borg scores, sPAP, TAPSE, BMI, and weight, while the comorbidity burden was monitored via the Comorbidity-Polypharmacy Score (CPS). Results: Patients showed marked post-LTx improvements, with FVC and DLCO increasing by
