Phase Separation-Regulated Fungal Growth, Sexual Development, Adaptation and Synthetic Biology Applications.

ABSTRACT: Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is a fundamental biophysical process in which proteins and nucleic acids dynamically demix from the cellular milieu to form membraneless organelles (MLO) with liquid-like properties. Environmental cues, such as light, temperature fluctuations, and pathogen interactions, induce LLPS of fungal proteins with intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) or multimerization domains, thereby regulating fungal hyphal growth, sexual reproduction, pathogenesis, and adaptation. Recently, LLPS has emerged as a powerful tool for biomolecular research, innovative biotechnological application, biosynthesis and metabolic engineering. This review focuses on the current advances in environmental cue-triggered fungal condensates assembled by LLPS, with a focus on their roles

SUBMITTER: Tong X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12470725 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature