Single- vs. Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes: Differential Cellular Stress and Lipid Metabolism Effects in Macrophage Models.

ABSTRACT: This study examines the toxicological effects of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) of different diameters-single-walled CNTs (SWCNT, 2 nm) and multi-walled CNTs (MWCNT, 74 nm)-on two macrophage cell lines, rat alveolar NR8383 cells and human differentiated THP-1. Using standardized exposure conditions and employing an integrated omics approach (transcriptomic and proteomic analyses), both CNT types were found to induce cellular stress responses and inflammation, especially in NR8383 cells, with notable involvement of the Sirtuin signaling pathway. After 24 h, MWCNTs uniquely disrupted lipid metabolism in NR8383 cells, resulting in foam cell formation and syncytia. While SWCNTs were less disruptive to metabolic pathways, they significantly altered gene regulation, particularly RNA splicing mechanisms

SUBMITTER: Nahle S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12472611 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature