Associations Between Prenatal Phthalate Exposure and Atopic Symptoms in Childhood: Effect Modification by Child Sex.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The global rise in atopic diseases, like atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis, may be linked to prenatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals like phthalates, with potential sex-specific effects.

Methods

We analyzed 558 mother-child pairs from the PROGRESS birth cohort in Mexico City. Maternal urinary phthalate metabolites were measured during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters. Atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis symptoms were assessed at ages 4-6 and 6-8 years using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood survey. Weighted Quantile Sum Regression (WQS) was used to assess sex-specific mixture associations. Individual sex-specific phthalate associations were examined using modified Poisson models with inclusion of product terms and stratif

SUBMITTER: Bhatt KD 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12473533 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature