Improved Dual-Modality Bioequivalence Evaluation of Topical Formulations Within Human Skin Using Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy.

ABSTRACT: Background: The use of optical microscopic techniques has gained increasing attention in recent years for studying the bioavailability (BA) and bioequivalence (BE) of topical drugs. Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), one type of optical imaging technique, probes chemical-specific information and has excellent spatiotemporal resolution. It uses intrinsic molecular vibrational signatures, and therefore, labeling samples or other treatments is unnecessary to track a molecule. Because of its unique advantages, studies have used SRS for BA evaluations and, more recently, for BE evaluations. In BE evaluation, low data variance within a treatment group is important to ensure sensitivity and specificity in comparing treatment groups. Methods: When measuring forward-direction SRS sign

SUBMITTER: Tu D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12473907 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature