Cross-Neutralization of Distant Coronaviruses Strongly Correlates with Spike S2-Specific Antibodies from Immunocompetent and Immunocompromised Vaccinated SARS-CoV-2-Infected Patients.

ABSTRACT: Background/Objectives: Despite the lifting of the COVID-19 public health emergency, SARS-CoV-2 infections continue to be recorded worldwide. The continued prevalence of infection has been attributed to the ability of the virus to evade host immune responses, including neutralizing antibody-derived immunity. The vast majority of antibody escape mutations has been associated with the S1 subunit of the spike protein. The other region of the spike, the S2 subunit, is the most conserved region amongst coronaviruses. We hypothesized that S2-specific antibody levels are modest in vaccinated and SARS-CoV-2-infected patients, resulting in suboptimal neutralization of distant coronaviruses. Methods: Here, we analyzed S1- and S2-specific antibody levels in SARS-CoV-2-infected individual

SUBMITTER: Patel SV 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12474146 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature