Development of a Patient-Centered Outcome Tool for Blepharospasm: A Stepwise Modified Delphi Study.

ABSTRACT: Blepharospasm (BSP) is characterized by excessive orbicularis oculi muscle activity leading to abnormal blinking and involuntary eyelid closure. Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections are the main treatment for BSP, but they only partially and transiently relieve symptoms, leading to a waxing and waning therapeutic response. A patient-centered outcome (PCO) tool that measures BSP symptoms in a simple and efficient way could inform the development of better treatments. Using a stepwise modified Delphi approach, potential PCO items were first identified using the Dystonia Coalition Database with data from over 200 individuals with BSP who had provided responses to existing clinical assessment scales. These items were then analyzed for contribution to overall severity using a Random Forests a

SUBMITTER: Berman BD 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12474189 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature