Synthesis of <i>Giardia</i> Species and Genotypes in Wild Birds: A Review.

ABSTRACT: Globally, Giardia infections affect an estimated 280 million people each year, making it a significant cause of enteric diarrheal disease. Despite being categorized as a neglected disease, the prevalence of Giardia in wild animals varies, with both mammals and birds serving as hosts. Molecular tools have identified nine Giardia species, including Giardia duodenalis with eight genotypes. Birds, with their wide-ranging habitats and movement capabilities, are crucial disseminators of Giardia. This review aimed to identify Giardia species in wild birds globally, utilizing various academic databases with search terms such as "wild birds" and "Giardia" in combination with Boolean operators for comprehensive results. Giardia spp. have been i

SUBMITTER: Echeverry D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12474223 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature