Efficiency optimization for large-scale droplet-based electricity generator arrays with integrated microsupercapacitor arrays.

ABSTRACT: Droplet-based electricity generators are lightweight and nearly metal-free, making them promising for hydraulic power applications. However, two critical challenges hinder their practical application: significant performance degradation, potentially up to 90%, in existing small-scale integrated panels, and low efficiency, often less than 2%, in storing the irregular high-voltage pulsed electricity produced by large-scale arrays. Here, we demonstrate that by tailoring the bottom electrodes so that their area is comparable to the spread area of the impinging water droplets, we double the average output power of individual cells and fabricate large-scale (30-cell) arrays that achieve approximately 2.5 times higher power than state-of-the-art arrays. Furthermore, without using any power manage

SUBMITTER: Li Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12475142 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature