Chaos and bifurcations of a discretized Holling-II prey-predator model including prey refuge and Allee effect.

ABSTRACT: This study examines the dynamics of a discrete-time predator-prey system incorporating a Holling Type-II functional response, the Allee effect, and a refuge term. Through algebraic analysis, we establish the occurrence of Period-Doubling (PD) and Neimark-Sacker (NS) bifurcations in the positive quadrant, supported by the center manifold theorem and bifurcation theory. Numerical simulations reveal chaotic phenomena, including period-12 orbits, invariant closed curves, and strange attractors, further validated by Maximal Lyapunov exponents. To regulate chaos, we apply the OGY method to stabilize trajectories around an unstable equilibrium. Additionally, we investigate bifurcations in a coupled predator-prey complex network, demonstrating the emergence of chaos beyond a critical coupling thre

SUBMITTER: Khan MM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12475502 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature