Mapping antibiotic pollution and tracking drivers of environmental AMR in a North Indian pharmaceutical hub.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Antibiotic residues in the environment contribute to the escalating threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), posing significant risks to public health and ecological systems. Understanding how antibiotics enter the environment during their lifecycle is crucial for developing effective mitigation strategies. This paper maps antibiotic pollution pathways in Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, highlighting the potential environmental and human health impacts of antimicrobial production, consumption, and disposal.

Methods

A mixed-methods approach was used, combining qualitative interviews with stakeholders and community members, and quantitative analysis of sales data. Interviews with manufacturers, healthcare providers, and waste management officials provided insights into p

SUBMITTER: Panwar A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12477125 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature