Toward biomimetic optogenetics: Drug-free activation of acute opiate reward.

ABSTRACT: Functional brain mapping studies typically involve tonic optogenetic stimulation. This does not always reflect natural firing patterns, which could be critical for information encoding. Adopting a biomimetic approach to optogenetics - wherein stimulation intervals mirror those observed in vivo to reflect context - we reconcile conflicting data on ventral tegmental area (VTA) GABA neurons in acute opiate reward. Activation using laser pulse sequences mimicking morphine-induced firing patterns is rewarding, while continuous light is aversive. When interspike intervals in rewarding morphine firing patterns are randomized, aversions also result, demonstrating the importance of temporal encoding in this system. We further establish the existence of VTA GABA projections to the tegmental p

SUBMITTER: El-Fayomi L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12478058 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature