ClearDefense Silver Nanoparticles: Characterisation and Safety Assessment for Children's Dental Care Off-label Use.

ABSTRACT:

Background and objectives

We characterised an Ag-Chitosan-NaF product (ClearDefense), marketed for off-label use in caries arrest in children, as an alternative to 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF). The label lists 0.2% Ag⁺ and 1.36% F^-. No child efficacy or safety studies are reported.

Methods

We followed U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) guidelines to describe the composition and stability of the product and assess its safety for children.

Results

The product features heterogeneous AgNPs: 86% irregular spherical (32 ± 26 nm), 6% triangular (101 ± 100 nm), and 8% rod-shaped (42 ± 28 nm length, 16 ± 10 nm width). Ag-Chitosan-NaF exhibits agglomeration with Chitosan and NaF, and stability studies reveal an increase in Ag

SUBMITTER: Harper SL 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12478082 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature