Associated factors of smoking behaviors among industrial workers in Myanmar: the role of modifying factors and individual beliefs, guided by the health belief model.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Smoking is a preventable behavioral risk factor for both communicable and noncommunicable diseases, with particularly strong impacts on noncommunicable diseases. We aimed to examine the associations between modifying factors, individual beliefs, and smoking behaviors, including quit attempts and smoking intensity, among industrial workers in Myanmar.

Methods

Our cross-sectional study utilized baseline data collected in 2018 from a longitudinal quasi-experimental study involving 292 male industrial workers in Mandalay, Myanmar. Employing the Health Belief Model, we examined the associations of modifying factors (age, sex, marital status, education, income, smoking initiation age, duration, quit intention, and health knowledge) and individual beliefs (perceived su

SUBMITTER: Oo MZ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12479501 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature