Uncertainty-aware ensemble of foundation models differentiates glioblastoma from its mimics.

ABSTRACT: Accurate pathological diagnosis is crucial in guiding personalized treatments for patients with central nervous system cancers. Distinguishing glioblastoma and primary central nervous system lymphoma is particularly challenging due to their overlapping pathology features, despite the distinct treatments required. To address this challenge, we establish the Pathology Image Characterization Tool with Uncertainty-aware Rapid Evaluations (PICTURE) system using 2141 pathology slides collected worldwide. PICTURE employs Bayesian inference, deep ensemble, and normalizing flow to account for the uncertainties in its predictions and training set labels. PICTURE accurately diagnoses glioblastoma and primary central nervous system lymphoma with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curv

SUBMITTER: Zhao J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12480093 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature