The order of task decisions and confidence ratings has little effect on metacognition.

ABSTRACT: Task decisions and confidence ratings are fundamental measures in metacognition research, but using these reports requires collecting them in some order. Only three orders exist and are used in an ad hoc manner across studies. Evidence suggests that when task decisions precede confidence, this report order can enhance metacognition. If verified, this effect pervades studies of metacognition and will lead the synthesis of this literature to invalid conclusions. In this Registered Report, we tested the effect of report order across popular domains of metacognition and probed two factors that may underlie why order effects have been observed in past studies: report time and motor preparation. We examined these effects in a perception experiment (n = 75) and memory experiment (n = 50), control

SUBMITTER: Matthews JR 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12480699 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature