Membrane contact sites between chloroplasts and the pathogen interface underpin plant focal immune responses.

ABSTRACT: Communication between cellular organelles is essential for mounting effective innate immune responses. The transport of organelles to pathogen penetration sites and their assembly around the host membrane, which delineates the plant-pathogen interface, are well documented. However, whether organelles associate with these specialized interfaces, and the extent to which this process contributes to immunity, remain unknown. Here, we discovered defense-related membrane contact sites (MCS) comprising a membrane tethering complex between chloroplasts and the extrahaustorial membrane (EHM) surrounding the haustorium of the pathogen Phytophthora infestans in Nicotiana benthamiana. The assembly of this complex involves association between the chloroplast outer envelope protein CHLOROPLAST UNUSUAL P

SUBMITTER: Yuen ELH 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12481158 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature