A two-stage transdermal drug delivery system comprising sono-phase-change transfersomes for non-invasive deep dermal delivery.

ABSTRACT: Non-invasive deep transdermal drug delivery is required for conditions such as keloids. However, the skin's stratum corneum barrier is the primary obstacle for transdermal drug delivery methods. Most energy sources and operational controls are located externally, making it difficult to regulate the deep delivery of a drug once it has penetrated the stratum corneum barrier. Additionally, some transdermal administration methods that provide an internal energy source are frequently invasive and can cause damage. Therefore, achieving non-invasive drug delivery to the deep dermis for such conditions is challenging. Here, we propose sono-phase-change transfersomes (SPCTs) that stably encapsulate perfluoro-n-pentane within transfersomes. These SPCTs, combined with low-frequency and low-intensity

SUBMITTER: Zhang Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12482103 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature