Gut microbiome of Vespa orientalis: functional insights and potential honey bee pathogen dynamics.

ABSTRACT: Vespa orientalis, the oriental hornet, is an emerging predator of honey bees whose ecological impact and microbial ecology remain poorly understood. Here, we present the first detailed characterisation of its gut microbiota by integrating 16S rRNA gene sequencing, predicted microbial function, pathogen screening, and a three-year beekeeper survey across urban and rural sites in Malta. Hornets were sampled from four locations and classified by observed foraging behaviour, either predation on honey bees or scavenging on cat food.Survey data confirmed consistent V. orientalis sightings and seasonal colony losses, particularly during peak foraging months. Microbiome analysis revealed a conserved core community dominated by Spiroplasma, Arsenophonus, and Rosenbergiella, with overall diversity s

SUBMITTER: Cutajar S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12482325 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature