Changes in smartphone dependence and depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Previous studies have examined the associations of baseline smartphone dependence (SPD) with depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms, ignoring changes in SPD over time. Especially, it is unclear whether individuals quitting SPD remain at high risk for depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms. This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal associations of changes in SPD with depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms among adolescents.

Methods

From September to December 2021 (wave 1), we recruited adolescents in grades 4 and 7 in five public primary schools and nine public junior high schools in Shenzhen, China, and collected information on SPD using the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version. The cut-off values of ≥ 31 and ≥ 33 were used in boys and girls, resp

SUBMITTER: Li Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12482391 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature