Integrating AI in Pakistani ESL classrooms: Teachers' practices, perspectives, and impact on student performance.

ABSTRACT: The global rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in English as a Second Language (ESL) education has shown promise, yet its application in resource-constrained contexts like Pakistan remains underexplored. This study examines the integration of AI tools in Pakistani ESL classrooms, with a focus on (1) teachers' instructional practices, (2) student learning outcomes, and (3) implementation challenges. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected through classroom observations, focus group discussions, and pre- and post-tests on vocabulary and writing skills administered to 100 undergraduate students (50 in the experimental group and 50 in the control group) over 16 weeks. The experimental group, taught with AI tools such as Grammarly and QuillBot, demonstrated significantly greater ga

SUBMITTER: Saleem T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12483258 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature