Disruption of CDK5 regulatory subunit 1, p35, limits immunosuppressive M2 macrophages while maintaining functional M1 macrophages.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Macrophage polarization into M1 or M2 phenotypes is a complex process influenced by various factors. However, existing literature and ongoing research support the view that Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 (CDK5) may play an important role in this process. CDK5 is a protein kinase that requires association with regulatory, co-activating proteins, p35 (CDK5R1) or p39 (CDK5R2), for functional activation.

Purpose

This study investigated the role of the p35 protein in regulating M1 and M2 polarization.

Methods

We compared bone marrow derived macrophages from wild type (WT) and p35 knockout (KO) mice under both M1 (IFNγ + LPS) and M2 (IL4) conditions, differentiated with M-CSF or GM-CSF. The expression of surface markers (CD86, CD206), enzyme expression (Arginase-1 a

SUBMITTER: Zampieri JR 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12483927 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature