Quantifying the influence of intraspecific variability in trait spaces.

ABSTRACT: The role of intraspecific trait variability (ITV) in trait spaces is still overlooked. We outline the swapping procedure, which detects changes in the main properties of any trait space as a function of ITV. Building on the properties of eigendecomposition analysis, we propose a set of target parameters, statistical tests and related interpretations to stimulate further research on this topic. We also link R functions to perform the swapping procedure.

SUBMITTER: Puglielli G 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12484079 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature