Noninvasive profiling of input-output excitability curves in human prefrontal cortex.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The prefrontal cortex plays a critical role in cognitive control and behavior, and its dysfunction has been linked to numerous psychiatric and neurological disorders. However, noninvasive measurement of prefrontal activity remains challenging, limiting our understanding of how to optimize prefrontal treatments. Input-output relationships reveal how neural circuits respond to different inputs and are essential for determining optimal treatment parameters and understanding individual variability in treatment response, yet systematic investigation of prefrontal input-output relationships has been lacking.

Objective

To characterize human prefrontal excitability with input-output (I/O) curves.

Methods

We employed transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with elec

SUBMITTER: Chen NF 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12485743 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature