Genome-wide analysis of bHLH transcription factor family reveals their involvement in kernel development and biotic stress responses in Chinese chestnut.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor family plays crucial roles in plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stresses. However, a systematic characterization of bHLH genes in Castanea mollissima has been lacking.

Methods

We performed a genome-wide identification of bHLH genes in C. mollissima, followed by phylogenetic, structural, motif, chromosomal distribution, and cis-element analyses. Co-expression network analysis and transcriptomic profiling under Dryocosmus kuriphilus infestation were conducted, and representative genes were validated using qRT-PCR across seed developmental stages.

Results

A total of 124 non-redundant bHLH genes (CmbHLHs) were identified and classified into eight subfamilies, consistent with conser

SUBMITTER: Li R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12488670 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature