Charge-dependent localization of Toll-like receptor 5 at the plasma membrane.

ABSTRACT: Proper subcellular localization of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is essential for initiating appropriate innate immune responses against pathogens while avoiding self-reactivity. Unc-93 homolog B1 (UNC93B1) is known to mediate the intracellular trafficking of nucleotide-sensing TLRs such as TLR9 which undergoes rapid internalization into endolysosomes upon reaching the cell surface. We previously demonstrated that UNC93B1 also facilitates the plasma membrane localization of TLR5, a sensor for bacterial flagellin. Unlike TLR9, TLR5 remained stably at the cell surface under steady-state conditions, suggesting the involvement of distinct sorting mechanisms. Using mutagenesis-based approaches, we found that the cytoplasmic domain of TLR5 is required for its surface retention, whereas the cytoplas

SUBMITTER: Huh JW 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12489920 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature