Addressing clinical needs in NSCLC immunotherapy: Mechanisms of resistance and promising combination strategies.

ABSTRACT: PD-(L)1 monoclonal antibody-based immunotherapy has become the cornerstone of treatment for non-small cell lung cancer without driver gene alterations. However, resistance, including primary and acquired resistance, remains a major clinical challenge. In this review, we summarize the delayed separation of progression-free survival curves observed in randomized clinical trials, which reflects the emergence of resistance at different treatment stages and the dynamic evolution of anti-tumor immune responses. The development of effective combination strategies should therefore be guided by a thorough understanding of the complex biological mechanisms governing tumor-immune interactions. We review the underlying mechanisms of immunotherapy resistance and propose potential combination strategies

SUBMITTER: Kang K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12490215 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature