Retinol Binding Protein 4 reactivates latent HIV-1 by triggering canonical NF-κB, JAK/STAT5 and JNK signalling.

ABSTRACT: Reactivation of the latent viral reservoirs is crucial for a cure of HIV/AIDS. However, current latency reversing agents are inefficient, and the endogenous factors that have the potential to reactivate HIV in vivo remain poorly understood. To identify natural activators of latent HIV-1, we screened a comprehensive peptide/protein library derived from human hemofiltrate, representing the entire blood peptidome, using J-Lat cell lines harboring transcriptionally silent HIV-1 GFP reporter viruses. Fractions potently reactivating HIV-1 from latency contained human Retinol Binding Protein 4 (RBP4), the carrier of retinol (Vitamin A). We found that retinol-bound holo-RBP4 but not retinol-free apo-RBP4 strongly reactivates HIV-1 in a variety of latently infected T cell lines. Functional analyses

SUBMITTER: Pastorio C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12491451 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature